Achievement gap narrows for some, widens for others

Utah's achievement gap appears to be narrowing in some areas, but not in others, since No Child Left Behind took effect in 2002.

A report issued Tuesday by the Center on Education Policy shows the gap between low-income and more affluent students narrowed in reading and math. Reading gaps between Hispanics and whites also narrowed in elementary, middle and high school grades examined.

But the gap between the relatively few black students in Utah and the overwhelming Caucasian majority is widening, according to the report.

And when analyzed based on average test scores rather than the percent of students scoring as proficient, Utah's gap between Hispanics and whites widened in reading across all grades analyzed.

"I would pay a great deal of attention to the effect size, because that's the clear data on increases in test scores," Center on Education Policy President Jack Jennings said.

Utah's mixed bag of results isn't unique.

"It's a common problem throughout the country and shows that if we're sincere about closing the gaps, we're going to have to do much more than what we're doing," Jennings said.

Utah students overall are raising their achievement levels on reading and math tests used for No Child Left Behind. Utah's proficiency rates generally range between 77 and 80 percent in reading and 68 to 81 percent in math. Those numbers represent up to a 6 percentage point gain.

At the same time, however, black students slipped more than 5 percentage points to 60 percent proficient in reading, putting them 24.4 percentage points behind white students, whose scores rose nearly 4 percentage points. In math, the gap between blacks and whites increased by 6.5 percentage points to more than 27.

The study notes that blacks make up about 1.5 percent of test takers, so results from the small sample should be read with caution.

When analyzed in terms of effect size, which use average test scores to gauge student performance over time, the gap in reading widened between Hispanics and whites, by 0.22 standard deviation points.

"It's encouraging news, and it's discouraging news. We're headed in the right direction but not nearly fast enough," said Mark Peterson, spokesman for the Utah State Office of Education, said of the report.