Under the No Child Left Behind law, states were supposed to have highly qualified teachers in every core academic class by the end of the last school year. None made it.

So the Education Department demanded new state plans. They were to include details on how states would improve their teaching corps and ensure poor and minority students don't have an unfair share of unqualified, inexperienced teachers.

The federal analysis of those plans yields a mixed picture.

Most states got credit for showing serious effort. Yet a few were ordered to start over. Every state was given specific recommendations and told to follow them.

Overall, most failed to provide all the answers the department asked for. Still, Education Secretary Margaret Spellings said she was encouraged.

"Many states took this very seriously, recognizing that good teachers make all the difference in whether or not our children succeed in their studies," she said in a statement.

Meanwhile, for parents and students, more patience will be required. The new goal is 100 percent compliance by the end of the 2006-07 school year, but some states may be years away.

Most of the states — 37 of them, plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico — met only some of the criteria. They must submit new data or plans this fall or risk facing penalties.

The other three states that failed, in addition to Utah, are Hawaii, Missouri and Wisconsin.

The remaining nine states got favorable reviews for handing in complete plans and creative ideas about how they will improve. Those nine are Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, Ohio, South Carolina and South Dakota.

South Carolina, for example, was praised for paying incentives to teachers in high-need schools. Louisiana was credited for collecting clear, meaningful data on teacher quality.

All the plans were examined by outside review teams, mainly state officials.

"We're pretty hopeful that if states seriously implement these plans — and we intend to monitor that — then change will happen," said Rene Islas, chief of staff for the department's elementary and secondary education office.

The promise of better teachers is a huge part of President Bush's education law. Every new development, though, underscores how daunting the mission is.

The law defines "highly qualified" teachers as those who have a bachelor's degree, a state license and proven competency in every subject they teach. It is often regarded as a minimum qualification, because it requires teachers to know what they teach.

Many teachers find the edict to be well intentioned but poorly defined. It does not measure attributes parents like, such as a teacher's creativity or ability to reach students.

Department officials acknowledged Wednesday that equity was the biggest snag for states. Many states couldn't provide data on the quality of teachers serving poor and minority kids.

Based on a separate review earlier this year, seven states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico face the loss of federal aid if they don't improve their compliance.

Those states are Idaho, Iowa, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Virginia and Washington.