From Deseret News archives:
Many vaccines in short supply
Regulations and fewer producers get the blame
The influenza-vaccine shortage, reported Friday by the only two suppliers of flu shots, is more than a one-time mismatch of supply and demand. This is the eighth major shortage of preventive vaccines in the United States since the beginning of 2000.
Shortages of vaccines for diphtheria, tetanus, chickenpox and measles have occurred since then. Flu vaccines have been in short supply for three of the past four years. Now, doctors and clinics around the country say they are running low on supply as Americans rush to get some protection from the most severe outbreak in years, one that already has killed several youngsters in Colorado and elsewhere.
Vaccine shortages "aren't a one-time act of nature," says Frank Sloan, an economist at Duke University, who served as chairman of an Institute of Medicine study that explored vaccine issues in a report issued last August.
Many vaccines, such as those for tetanus and chickenpox, have only a single supplier in the U.S. market. The flu vaccine has only two: Aventis Pasteur, a unit of the large French drug company Aventis SA, and Chiron Corp. A newcomer, MedImmune Inc., has recently launched a nasal spray vaccine, FluMist. Merck & Co. and Pfizer Inc. are among the drug makers that no longer make flu vaccines.
Stockpiling of various vaccines is one solution to reducing the shortages, at least for some vaccines. The institute's report noted that "of the 10 vaccines that the [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] has targeted for stockpiling, only three were stockpiled in 2002." Among those were vaccines for measles, mumps and rubella, as well as a small stockpile of polio vaccine.
The report noted that stockpiling is expensive and that the CDC has been conservative about developing stockpiles to minimize the financial risk. However, the flu vaccine can't be stockpiled every season, so manufacturers have to start every year from scratch, public-health officials say.
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