WASHINGTON — Howard Dean said he would like to balance the budget in his first term even if it means limiting spending on domestic programs dear to Democrats.

But if he beats nine other Democrats to capture the nomination and then ousts President Bush, Dean said he might have to keep the budget in the red beyond four years to fund his plan for mass transit, renewable energy, road construction, broadband telecommunications and school building.

"I am determined to get rid of the deficit," Dean said in an hourlong interview with reporters and editors from The Associated Press. Later he added, "I am willing to run a deficit longer than I'd like to in order to create jobs."

Dean has yet to release his economic plan but disclosed some elements during the interview. He said he and his advisers are still deciding whether he can pledge to bring government spending into the black by 2008.

"That's an internal debate we are having," Dean said. "I'd like to do that. The economists I'm working with think that is going to be very tough."

The front-running candidate often boasts that he had a record of balancing the budget while he was Vermont governor. He holds that record up as part of his argument that he is not too liberal to beat Bush.

In 1995, he said he supported a balanced-budget amendment but now says he would rather not have one so he can have flexibility if in the White House.

"So you can put me down as waffling on the balanced budget amendment," he joked in the Friday interview. "I'm already down as waffling on that one. I've waffled before, I'll waffle again."

Dean said he would not cut military spending in his quest to balance the budget. He also would increase spending for health insurance, special education and grants for urban revitalization.

Other than that, "everything is on the table," he said, suggesting he may be willing to hold spending on some programs, such as veterans affairs.

"You do not have to make cuts to balance the budget," he explained. "What you have to do is restrain spending."

Dean's failure to list Medicaid among the programs he would protect drew criticism from rival Dick Gephardt, who said the answer to the nation's budget problems is not to cut Medicaid.

Dean insisted that Bush's tax cuts have not benefited the middle class because they have been offset by the increasing cost of college tuition and higher property taxes. Asked about people who do not own homes or send their children to college, he acknowledged that some people have gotten a tax cut.